The Israeli-Palestinian conflict is a complex, deeply rooted struggle over land, identity, and self-determination, with both Israelis and Palestinians claiming rights to territories within modern-day Israel and the Palestinian Territories. Key historical milestones in the conflict include the 1948 establishment of Israel (and subsequent displacement of Palestinians), the 1967 Six-Day War (which led to Israeli control over the West Bank, Gaza Strip, and East Jerusalem), and attempts at peace such as the 1993 Oslo Accords, which proposed a two-state solution but faced multiple setbacks due to violence, internal divisions, and external pressures.

Recent developments have intensified the conflict, particularly in 2023 when violence surged with Hamas-led attacks on Israeli civilians, leading Israel to respond with airstrikes and a military campaign in Gaza. The conflict has had severe humanitarian impacts, with thousands of casualties and displacement among Palestinian civilians. Additionally, Israeli policies on settlement expansion in the West Bank and East Jerusalem, along with restrictions on Palestinian movement, remain key issues, drawing international criticism and calls for restraint.

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